热障涂层CMAS腐蚀失效机制研究进展

随着航空发动机效率的持续提高，其涡轮前温度不断攀升，CMAS腐蚀失效已成为制约热端部件热障涂层可靠性和耐久性的关键问题之一。基于此，首先简要分析了航空发动机CMAS的来源，然后从热力学、热化学和热物理3个维度，深入分析了热障涂层的CMAS腐蚀机制，阐述了上述3种模型下涂层与CMAS的作用机理。在此基础上，提炼形成了热障涂层CMAS腐蚀的基本过程。针对CMAS化学成分和涂层成分、涂层组织结构等影响热障涂层CMAS腐蚀行为的主要因素进行了探讨，进一步基于国内外提升涂层抗CMAS腐蚀能力的研究进展，归纳形成了5种技术途径。最后，从支撑航空发动机的研制需求的角度，分析了当前抗CMAS涂层工程化应用研究中存在的主要问题，明确了抗CMAS涂层研制的工作重点。

Research Progress of Corrosion Mechanism of Thermal Barrier Coatings Attacked by CMAS

With the continuous improvement of aircraft engine efficiency, the turbine inlet temperature (TIT) increases significantly, thus the CMAS corrosion has become a critical problem which restricts the reliability and durability of the thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) used on the hot section components. Firstly, the source of CMAS for the jet engines was introduced briefly. Then the CMAS corrosion mechanism of thermal barrier coatings were clarified in depth from aspects of thermodynamic, thermo-chemical and thermo-physical models, thus the basic process of forming CMAS corrosion of thermal barrier coatings under the three models mentioned above was obtained. The main factors affecting the CMAS corrosion behavior of TBCs, such as the chemical composition of CMAS and coating composition, coating structure, etc. were explored. Five technical approaches were summarized based on the review of domestic and international research progress in the field of improving the CMAS resistance of TBCs. Finally, the main problems existing in the current research on the engineering and application of CMAS-resistant coatings were analyzed from the perspective of supporting the development of aero-engines, and the focus of the development of CMAS-resistant coatings was proposed.