论我国地方海洋行政管理体制的优化

近年来,我国在国家层面逐步完善海洋行政管理体制,海警局、国家海洋委员会、中央海权办的成立都表明了我国在海洋执法、海洋维权、国家海洋战略规划方面的决心。在海洋行政管理的具体职能分配中,如何有效划分中央政府与地方政府的管理职责仍是我国目前面对的难题。从海洋资源所有权的分享出发,重新建构中央政府和地方政府的关系,是明晰中央政府和地方政府、地方政府和地方政府之间海洋事务管辖权责的合理思路。通过对海洋行政管理权力进行合理划分,提出构建以海岸带管理为核心的地方政府海洋行政管理体制,将有助于解决诸如海洋带资源管理权竞争等难题,达到优化地方海洋行政管理体制的目的。

The optimization of local marine administrative system in China

Recently, The People's Republic of China has been continuously improve marine administrative and organization system in the national level through establishment of several institutions, such as China Coast Guard, the National Oceanographic Commission, the Central Marine Rights and Interests Office.These institution establishments show country determination on marine law enforcement, marine rights, and national marine strategy.Institutional constraint faced by government in term of effective assignment of ocean management responsibility between local and national government.This study argued that build relationship between local and national government through shared ownership of marine resources with the establishment of local and national marine jurisdiction will generate clear division of responsibilities not only between local and national government, but also among local governments.The principle of separation of powers which is related to marine administrative, has proposed to build coastal zone management as core of marine administrative and management system at the local government level.It will help government to address competition issue on coastal zone resources management and optimize the objective of local marine administrative system.