航空活塞发动机点火强度均衡性测试及防火研究

针对磁电机故障和点火电嘴故障会使发动机失去动力引起飞行事故,高压导线破损放电可能导致动力系统起火并引发飞机火灾等安全隐患,利用紫外探测技术和虚拟仪器技术设计了航空活塞发动机点火强度均衡性测试系统,利用该测试系统完成航空活塞发动机点火系统的安全隐患检测。以四缸活塞发动机正常点火、高压导线破损、点火电嘴积碳等三种点火系统作为测试对象,测试发动机在不同转速下各气缸点火电火花紫外辐射强度,用以表征点火能量强度。实测得到,在不同转速下点火电嘴积碳故障都会导致点火强度降低;高压导线破损漏电会同时导致点火能量损失与点火强度不均衡,并且与转速呈正相关。测试结果可为航空活塞发动机点火系统故障排除及发现可能存在的高压导线破损放电电气火灾隐患点提供技术依据。

Fire protection and ignition intensity equilibrium test of aerial piston engine ignition system

An aviation piston engine ignition strength balance test system based on UV detection technology and virtual instrument technology is designed in this paper, which can be used for diagnosis faults as magneto fault, igniter plug fault (IPF) and high-voltage wire leakage Fault(HWLF). Aircraft with these potential faults may cause safety accidents, such as engine failure, engine fire, aircraft fire or flight disaster. To characterize the ignition energy intensity, the intensity of ignition electric spark ultraviolet radiation of a four cylinder piston engine with three kinds of ignition system including normal ignition, HWLF and IPF with carbon has been tested by the system. Test results show that the ignition intensity of the ignition system with IPF is lower than the normal ignition system at different engine speeds. The ignition intensity decrease and ignition intensity imbalance both appear in HWLF, which will be more significant with the increase of rotate speed. The researches provide technical support for troubleshooting the ignition system faults of an aircraft piston engine, and finding out the potential fire hazards with HWLF.