抑食金球藻(Aureococcus anophagefferens)褐潮研究概述

1985年由抑食金球藻(Aureococcus anophagefferens)引发的褐潮首次出现于美国东北部的一些沿海海湾,后来又于1997年在南非的萨尔达尼亚湾暴发;2009年秦皇岛海域褐潮的暴发使中国成为世界上第三个受其影响的国家。尽管抑食金球藻对人体健康没有直接的不利影响,但是它会导致贝类生长缓慢甚至死亡,从而造成巨大的经济损失和严重的生态问题。本文对国内外学者近年来在抑食金球藻的生理生化特征、暴发与消亡的原因、生态危害及预防措施等方面的研究进行了系统总结,为抑食金球藻褐潮防治及维持海洋生态系统的稳定提供科学依据。

Review of the brown tides caused by Aureococcus anophagefferens

The brown tides caused by Aureococcus anophagefferens firstly broke out in some coastal embayments of the northeastern United States in 1985.Subsequently, in 1997, A.anophagefferens blooms occurred in Saldanha Bay, South Africa.In 2009, the same bloom was reported in Qinhuangdao, China, making China the third country influenced by A.anophagefferens brown tide.Although A.anophagefferens have no direct, negative effects on human health, they can stunt or poison shellfish, resulting in significant economic losses and serious ecological damage.In this paper it is reviewed that the research advances in physiological and biochemical characteristics, the reasons of outbreak and demise, ecological consequences, and prevention measures of A.anophagefferens, which will provide scientific basis for preventing brown tides and maintaining marine ecosystem stability.