威海荣成鹿角菜野生种群遗传多样性及资源保护策略

利用随机扩增多态性DNA（RAPD）方法对威海荣成地区鹿角菜（Silvetiasiliquosa）野生种群共30个个体的遗传多样性水平及遗传结构进行研究。结果表明，利用21条随机引物共检测到112个多态性位点，多态性位点百分率为93．75％，Nei基因多样性指数为0．3515±0．1352，Shannon多样性指数为0．5046±0．1126。通过聚类分析而划为一类的3个亚种群间的遗传分化指数为0．1349～0．2189，基因流为1．7793。研究结果表明威海荣成地区的鹿角菜种群遗传多样性较高，种群内存在较为明显的遗传分化，种群遗传资源不受遗传漂变的影响。针对当地鹿角菜遗传资源的现状，应加强现存种群的就地保护，恢复种群规模；进行取样养殖保护时则需避免因近交而造成种群资源退化。

Strategies for Conservation of Genetic Diversity and Resources of Wild Silvetia siliquosa Population in Rongcheng City.

A total of 30 individuals were collected from the local wild Silvetia siliquosa population were analyzed（ for ge- netic diversity and genetic structure using the RAPD method （ random amplified polymorphism DNA）. Results show that a total of 112 polymorphic loci were detected with the aid of 21 polymorphic random primers, reaching 93.75 in percentage, and its Nei＇s gene diversity was 0. 351 5 -＋0. 135 2 and Shannon diversity index 0. 504 6 -＋0. 112 6. Of the three sub- groups sorted into the same order based on UPMGA analysis, genetic differentiation ranged from 0. 134 9 to 0. 218 9 and gene flow was 1. 779 3. The result indicates that the wild S. siliquosa population in Rongcheng was quite high in genetic diversity and displayed obvious genetic differentiation, and the genetic resources of the population was not affected by ge- netic drift. In light of the status quo of the genetic resources of the local S. siliquosa population, it is essential to intensify in situ conservation of the existing population and restore size of the population, and avoid degradation of the resources through inbreeding when samples are collected for preservation through breeding.