南方典型旅游城市空气微生物粒径分布特征

在南方典型旅游城市杭州选取了4个样点进行了空气微生物取样工作.系统研究了杭州市室外空气微生物粒径分布特征.结果表明，不同样点空气细菌粒子百分比从Ⅰ级到Ⅵ级逐渐减少，总体呈偏态分布.交通干线，文教区，商业区和旅游风景区细菌粒子百分比最高值均出现在Ⅰ级，分别占29.1%，31.8%，33.5%和25.4%，最低值均出现在Ⅵ级，分别占11.7%，11.2%，6.5%和11.1%.不同样点空气真菌主要分布在Ⅲ级、Ⅳ级和Ⅴ级，总体呈对数正态分布，真菌百分比最高值均出现在Ⅳ级，分别占30.3%，30.2%，31.7%和28.3%，最低值出现在Ⅵ级，分别占5.2%，5.1%，3.3%和4.5%.青霉属，链格孢属，曲霉属和枝孢属优势真菌粒径均呈对数正态分布特征，但取样器各级真菌百分比各不相同.此外，空气细菌中值直径显著大于空气真菌，商业区空气细菌中值直径显著大于其他3个样点，而文教区真菌中值直径显著大于其他3个样点.研究结果进一步说明了城市室内外空气微生物粒径分布特征的不同，为室内外空气微生物污染的预防和控制提供了科学依据.

The size distribution of airborne microbes in typical tourist city in southeast China

The size distributions and median diameters were investigated in detail with imitated six-stage Andersen sampler at four selected sampling sites in typical tourist city in southeast China. Results showed the particle percentage of airborne bacteria decreased from stage 1to stage 6with skewed distribution at different sampling sites. The highest percentage of bacterial particle was recorded at stage 1at TJCR (Tianmushan Jiaogong Cross Road), GSUJ (Zhejiang Gongshang University Jiaogong Campus), YRBS (Yan'an Road Business Street) and BLQG (Breeze-ruffled Lotus at Quyuan Garden) with the percentage of 29.1%, 31.8%, 33.5% and 25.4%, respectively, while the lowest was observed at stage 6with the percentage of 11.7%, 11.2%, 6.5% and 11.1%, respectively. The percentage of airborne fungi increased gradually from stage 1to stage 4, and then decreased from stage 4to stage 6with normal logarithmic distribution. The highest percentage of fungi was recorded at stage 4with the percentage of 30.3%, 30.2%, 31.7% and 28.3%, respectively, while the lowest was observed at stage 6with the percentage of 5.2%, 5.1%, 3.3% and 4.5%, respectively. Moreover, Penicillium, Alternaria, Aspergillus, and Cladosporium was recorded with normal logarithmic distribution. Finally, the median diameters of airborne bacteria were larger than those of airborne fungi at different sampling sites, and the highest median diameter of airborne bacteria was found at YRBS, while the highest median diameter of airborne fungi was observed at GSUJ. The present paper suggested the great difference of microbial size distribution in the air, which could provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of microbial pollution indoors and outdoors in urban ecosystem.