利用文蛤生物标志物评价尾水-海水混合体系污染水平

采用不同浓度（体积比0%～40%，经天然海水稀释而成）的市政污水处理厂（MSTP）尾水对文蛤（Meretrix meretrix）连续培养9d，通过测定9种生化因子水平评价污染暴露对双壳类的生物学效应包括：内脏中的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）、谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）、乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）、金属硫蛋白（MTs）、硫代巴比妥酸反应物（TBARs）以及血细胞的溶酶体膜稳定性（LMS）.SOD、CAT除外的所有生化因子均能对尾水污染产生敏感响应，其中，GPx、MTs、AChE和LMS的响应与尾水浓度呈显著相关（P<0.05或P<0.01），适于作为尾水污染的生物标志物；依据这些生物标志物计算的综合生物标志物响应指数值（IBR_v2=0.61～2.65）随尾水浓度上升而增大，且两者间存在显著相关性（P<0.01）.研究结果表明，基于生物标志物响应值计算IBR指数的方法适于MSTPs尾水-海水混合体系的综合污染评价.

Integrated assessment of pollution level in the effluent/seawater mixture based on the biomarker's response in clam Meretrix meretrix

Bivalve Meretrix meretrix were exposed for 9days to mixture of Tuandao MSTP effluents and seawater (volume ratio ranged from 1% to 40%, resulted from dilution with natural seawater). Biological effects of contaminant exposure on bivalves were evaluated by measuring nine biochemical parameters including superoxide dismutase-SOD, catalase-CAT, glutathione peroxidase-GPx, glutathione reductase-GR, reduced glutathione-GSH, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances-TBARs, acetylcholinesterase-AChE and metallothioneins-MTs in digestive gland, as well as hemocyte lysosomal membrane stability-LMS. All the biochemical parameters except SOD and CAT had sensitive responses to effluent exposure, Among which four biomarkers, namely LMS, GPx, MTs and AChE, were more effective for indicating effluent pollution because of the significant correlation with concentrations of effluents (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The calculated IBR (integrated biomarker response) index value (0.61~2.65), based on the responses of these biomarkers, increased with the rise of ratio of effluents, and a significant positive correlation between them was observed (P<0.01). The results proved the usefulness of integrated biological effects measurements and IBR index for the assessment of complicated chemical contamination in seawaters receiving MSTPs effluents.