平邑甜茶根毛细胞离子流动性对PAHs胁迫的响应

以苹果砧木-平邑甜茶（Malus hupehensis Rehd）幼苗为实验材料，采用营养液栽培，利用非损伤微测技术，研究多环芳烃（PAHs）中荧蒽和苯并（b）荧蒽胁迫处理对平邑甜茶幼苗根毛细胞Ca²⁺、K⁺、H⁺流速的影响.结果表明：（1）经荧蒽及苯并（b）荧蒽胁迫处理后，平邑甜茶幼苗根毛细胞Ca²⁺平均流速由对照的（-63.53±9.30）pmol/（cm²×s）分别增加到（+62.85±10.00）pmol/（cm²×s）、（91.33±19.72）pmol/（cm²×s）；K⁺流速平均值由基础流速（-60.56±14.56）pmol/（cm²×s）分别增至（+32.60±5.44）pmol/（cm²×s）、（+36.76±5.23）pmol/（cm²×s）；H⁺平均流速由对照的（+44.38±5.19）pmol/（cm²×s）分别降低至（-0.72±0.055）pmol/（cm²×s）、（-6.34±0.79）pmol/（cm²×s）.经荧蒽及苯并（b）荧蒽处理，根毛细胞表面Ca²⁺、K⁺、H⁺流动性发生明显逆转.Ca²⁺、K⁺表现为外排趋势，且外排量逐渐降低，最终趋于稳定；H⁺表现较稳定的内吸趋势.（2）苯并（b）荧蒽胁迫对平邑甜茶幼苗根毛细胞离子流动性造成的毒性效应高于荧蒽.说明PAHs胁迫会破坏植物根毛细胞离子流动性，影响植物正常生长，为深入研究植物受PAHs胁迫所产生的响应提供理论依据.

The ion mobility in root hair cells of Malus hupehensis in response to stress from PAHs

Apple stock-Pingyitiancha (Malus hupehensis Rehd) was selected as experimental materials, hydroponic experiments were conducted with or without fluoranthene and benzo (b) fluoranthene. Non-invasive Micro-test Technique was used to detect the effects of Ca²⁺, K⁺, H⁺ fluxes in response to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) treatments. Our results showed that: (1) fluoranthene and benzo (b) fluoranthene treatments resulted in the liquidity of Ca²⁺increased from(-63.53±9.30)pmol/(cm²×s) to (+62.85±10.00)pmol/(cm²×s)、(91.33±19.72) pmol/(cm²×s); the liquidity of K⁺ increased from(-60.56±14.56)pmol/(cm²×s) to(+32.60±5.44)pmol/(cm²×s)、(+36.76±5.23)pmol/(cm²×s); the liquidity of H⁺reduced from(+44.38±5.19)pmol/(cm²×s) to(-0.72±0.055)pmol/(cm²×s)、(-6.34±0.79)pmol/(cm²×s). fluoranthene and benzo (b) fluoranthene treatments resulted in the liquidity of Ca²⁺, K⁺, H⁺ in root epidermis obvious reversal. A dramatic Ca²⁺, K⁺ efflux was observed in root epidermis under stress, and gradually reduced to a stable level. Meanwhile, H⁺ showed influx and did not affect the PAHs treatments. (2) Benzob]fluoranthene Stress showed more toxic effects on ion mobility in root hair cells than that of fluoranthene. The results indicated that PAHs stress could damage the ion mobility of root hair cells, interfere plants growth and development, providing a theoretical basis for further study on the response of plants to PAHs stress.