汽车行人碰撞接触中行人运动学规律仿真研究

基于交通事故模拟分析PC-Crash软件及其内嵌多体系统动力学分析MADYMO模块,建立并验证了车辆多体模型和行人多体模型;对汽车与行人碰撞接触阶段的行人运动学具有较大影响的因素展开广泛分析,并构建汽车行人碰撞仿真试验方案;通过选取对汽车与行人碰撞接触阶段具有较大影响的因素作为仿真试验的自变量,对不同碰撞环境下汽车与行人碰撞接触过程中的行人运动学规律(包括运动姿态和对应的碰撞车速阈值)进行深入研究;汽车行人碰撞仿真与真实事故以及碰撞试验对比具有较好的规律吻合性和一致性。研究表明,笔者采用的计算机建模仿真方法在汽车行人碰撞运动学研究中具有实用价值。

Simulation on the Kinematics Laws of Pedestrian in the Contacting Phase of the Collision between Vehicle and Pedestrian

Based on the coupling of PC-Crash simulation program and embedded MADYMO module, Multi-body models of the vehicle and the pedestrian involved in a collision of vehicle with pedestrian are developed and validated. Main factors influencing pedestrian kinematics during the contacting phase of vehicle and pedestrian are extensively analyzed; furthermore, the simulation test scheme is constructed from these factors. The kinematics laws of pedestrian such as motion posture and vehicle impact speed threshold in the contacting phase of vehicle and pedestrian under different collision circumstances are in depth studied by selecting these main influencing factors as independent variables for simulation tests. The pedestrian kinematics simulation is found to be good harmonious and consistent with the case of real world and the collision test. This computer simulation method will be of practical value in analysis of pedestrian kinematics in the collision vehicle with pedestrian.