Development of a rotorcraft dust-emission parameterization using a CFD model |
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Authors: | Jerrold D McAlpine Darko R Koracin Douglas P Boyle John A Gillies Eric V McDonald |
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Institution: | 1.Division of Atmospheric Sciences,Desert Research Institute,Reno,USA;2.Department of Geography,University of Nevada,Reno,USA;3.Division of Earth and Ecosystem Sciences,Desert Research Institute,Reno,USA |
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Abstract: | Flights of rotorcraft over the desert floor can result in significant entrainment of particulate matter into the atmospheric
boundary layer. Continuous or widespread operation can lead to local and regional impacts on visibility and air quality. To
account for this pollutant source in air quality models, a parameterization scheme is needed that addresses the complex vertical
distribution of dust ejected from the rotorcraft wake into the atmospheric surface layer. A method to parameterize the wind
and turbulence fields and shear stress at the ground is proposed here utilizing computational fluid dynamics and a parameterized
rotor model. Measurements taken from a full scale experiment of rotorcraft flight near the surface are compared to the simulation
results in a qualitative manner. The simulation is shown to adequately predict the forward detachment length of the induced
ground jet compared to the measured detachment lengths. However, the simulated ground vortex widths and vorticity deviate
substantially from the measured values under a range of flight speeds. Results show that the method may be applicable for
air quality modeling assuming slow airspeeds of the rotorcraft, with advance ratios of 0.005–0.02. |
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