表面活性剂与Pb、Zn协同作用对蚕豆叶细胞的损伤

采用透射电子显微镜及能量发散X-射线微量分析技术,研究了非离子型表面活性剂烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚(AE)与矿山尾砂中高浓度Pb、Zn协同作用对蚕豆叶细胞的损伤.结果表明,高浓度Pb、Zn使蚕豆叶绿体中类囊体解体,嗜锇颗粒的数量和体积显著增加.细胞外间隙和液泡中出现大量的不溶性毛发状晶体.AE与Pb、Zn复合污染时,细胞内膜结构的透性增加,细胞内毛发状晶体扩散到叶绿体、细胞核中.因此,AE可加重Pb、Zn对蚕豆叶细胞的损伤作用,毛发状晶体的形成可能与细胞脱毒有关.

Damages of Vicia faba leaf cells by complex of surfactant and Pb, Zn

Damages on Vicia faba leaf cells by the complex action of nonionic surfactant, alkylphenol ethoxylates (AE), and high concentrations of Pb and Zn in the mine tailing were studied adopting transmission electronic microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis techniques. High concentrations of Pb and Zn could cause thylakoid disorganization in Vicia faba chloroplasts with the number and volume of plastoglobuli increasing markedly. A large amount of indissolvable hair-like crystals could be found in the intercellular space and the vacuoles. At complex contamination of AE with Pb and Zn, the osmosis of cell membranes structure increased; and the hair-like crystals in the cell spreaded into the chloroplasts and the cell nucleus. Thus, AE could aggravate the damage action of Pb and Zn on Vicia faba leaf cell; the hair-like crystal might be related with the cell detoxification.