溢油后海洋沉积物中细菌群落的多样性

海洋沉积物既是污染物的蓄库，也是上覆水的污染源，溢油对海洋沉积物的影响已日益受到人们的关注。海洋沉积物具有高的细菌丰富度和多样性，不同沉积物的异质性导致细菌群落对溢油的响应各不相同，其群落结构和多样性在一定程度上可反映石油污染程度和生物降解水平，且烃降解基因的相对丰度与污染水平之间具有直接相关性。本文对溢油后海洋沉积物中细菌群落的多样性进行了综述，重点分析了溢油后潮上带和潮间带、潮下带及海底沉积物细菌群落多样性的变化。

The diversity of bacterial communities in marine sediments after oil spill

Marine sediments are not only the reservoir of pollutants, but also the source of overlying water. There are high bacterial richness and diversity in marine sediments, and the heterogeneity of sediments lead to bacterial community of oil spill response diversely. The structure and diversity of bacterial communities can reflect the degree of oil pollution and the level of biodegradation to a certain extent, and there is a relationship between the relative abundance of hydrocarbon degradation genes and the level of pollution. In this paper, the diversity of bacterial communities in marine sediments after oil spill was reviewed, and the variation of bacterial communities in the supratidal zone, intertidal zone, subtidal zone and deep-sea sediments after oil spill was emphatically analyzed.