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大亚湾滨海湿地沉积物间隙水无机氮分布特征及其沉积物-水界面交换通量
引用本文:赵春宇,张凌,江志坚,吴云超,柯志新,黄小平. 大亚湾滨海湿地沉积物间隙水无机氮分布特征及其沉积物-水界面交换通量[J]. 海洋环境科学, 2020, 39(3): 359-366. DOI: 10.12111/j.mes20200306
作者姓名:赵春宇  张凌  江志坚  吴云超  柯志新  黄小平
作者单位:1.中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 中国科学院热带海洋生物资源与生态重点实验室, 广东 广州 510301
基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)
摘    要:为探讨大亚湾滨海湿地沉积物间隙水中无机氮的时空分布规律及其环境效应,于2017年3月(枯水期)和8月(丰水期)分别采集了大亚湾湿地3个断面的沉积柱,测定了间隙水中无机氮含量并对其在沉积物-水界面交换进行了实验室培养实验。结果发现,滨海湿地近岸上覆水中氮营养盐含量远高于大亚湾水体平均值,说明近岸人类活动对湿地生态系统中氮含量的影响较为严重,河流输送是其来源的主要途径。间隙水中NH4-N、NO3-N和NO2-N的平均含量分别为:770.60、7.63和7.39 μmol/L,其中NH4-N是DIN的主要组分,约占DIN的85.82%~99.67%。室内培养实验发现,NH4-N、NO3-N和NO2-N的界面交换通量平均值分别为0.09、-0.18和0.36 mmol/(m2·d),不同断面下DIN的交换速率存在明显差异。整体上,DIN的交换通量在枯水期约为0.41 mmol/(m2·d),湿地沉积物表现为上覆水DIN的源;而丰水期沉积物则成为DIN的汇,其平均通量约为-0.23 mmol/(m2·d)。对照实验结果表明,灭菌之后NH4-N、NO3-N和NO2-N的平均交换通量均有所降低,相比于原始组分别降低了76.5%、23.7%和50.3%,说明微生物在氮的转化中起到了非常重要的作用。

关 键 词:沉积物   间隙水   无机氮营养盐   界面通量   滨海湿地
收稿时间:2018-08-25

Distribution characteristics of the porewater inorganic nitrogen and their benthic exchange fluxes in coastal wetlands of Daya bay
Chun-yu ZHAO,Ling ZHANG,Zhi-jian JIANG,Yun-chao WU,Zhi-xin KE,Xiao-ping HUANG. Distribution characteristics of the porewater inorganic nitrogen and their benthic exchange fluxes in coastal wetlands of Daya bay[J]. Marine Environmental Science, 2020, 39(3): 359-366. DOI: 10.12111/j.mes20200306
Authors:Chun-yu ZHAO  Ling ZHANG  Zhi-jian JIANG  Yun-chao WU  Zhi-xin KE  Xiao-ping HUANG
Affiliation:1.Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
Abstract:In order to study the spatial distribution of the inorganic nitrogen in the sediment and their environmental effects, the contents and the exchange fluxes of DIN at sediment-water interface have been studied during March (dry season) and August (wet season) in 2017 in coastal wetland in Daya bay.The results showed that the average nitrogen content of overlying water near coastal wetland was far higher than that in Daya bay offshore water, which indicated the influence of human activities on the wetland was relatively serious.The river runoff is the main channel of nitrogen input.The average contents of nutrients (NH4-N、NO3-N and NO2-N) were 770.60、7.63 and 7.39 μmol/L in the sediment porewater, respectively.NH4-N was the major component and accounted for 85.82%~99.67% of DIN. The estimation of the sediment-water exchange fluxes indicated that the average fluxes of NH4-N、NO3-N and NO2-N were 0.09、-0.18 and 0.36 mmol/(m2·d), respectively.Generally, the average exchange flux was 0.41 mmol/(m2·d) in dry season, as the source of DIN providing a lot of nitrogen into the overlying water.The sediment became the sink of DIN in wet season, with average flux of -0.23 mmol/(m2·d).Comparing with the original experiment group, it was found that the average exchange fluxes of NH4-N、NO3-N and NO2-N in the sterilized group decreased by 76.5%, 23.7% and 50.3%, respectively.This indicates that microorganism plays a very important role in nitrogen transformation.
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