大冶湖浮游细菌群落结构及其环境影响因子研究

为了解大冶湖浮游细菌的群落结构,探究其环境影响因素,于2018年2月和2018年7月,采用16S rRNA高通量测序技术分析比较了大冶湖水体中枯水期和丰水期细菌群落结构及其多样性的差异,并通过冗余分析(RDA)探讨水体环境因子与细菌群落结构及其多样性的关系。结果表明:大冶湖的浮游细菌具有较高的菌群多样性(枯水期和丰水期的Shannon指数分别为3.856±0.642和4.165±0.608)。大冶湖水体的主要细菌门为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、蓝细菌门(Cyanobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes)、疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobia)、绿菌门(Chlorobi)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)。其中,枯水期优势菌群为β-变形菌纲(Betaproteobacteria,44.73%),丰水期优势菌群为蓝细菌门(Cyanobacteria,31.39%)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria,31.37%)。冗余分析结果表明,硝酸盐(NO~-_3-N)、温度(T)和总氮(TN)为影响细菌群落分布的主要环境因子。

Study on Bacterioplankton Communities Composition and the Related Environmental Factors in the Daye Lake

In order to clarify the composition of bacterioplankton communities and the environmental factors involved, we collected samples of bacterioplankton and monitored some main environmental indexes in February 2018 and July 2018 respectively in the Daye Lake. Basing on 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing, we analyzed and compared the differences in composition and diversity of bacterial communities in the Daye Lake during the dry season and the wet season. We conducted the redundancy analysis (RDA) to explore the relationship between environment factors and composition and diversity of bacterial communities in the water. The results showed that the bacterioplankton had high microbial diversity in the Daye Lake. The Shannon indexes of dry season and wet season were 3.856±0.642 and 4.165±0.608, respectively. The main bacterial categories were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Planctomycetes, Verrucomicrobia, Chlorobi and Chloroflexi. In this case, the dominant bacteria was Betaproteobacteria (44.73%) in dry season. In wet season, however, the dominant bacteria were Cyanobacteria (31.39%) and Actinobacteria (31.37%). Redundancy analysis showed that nitrate (NO^-₃-N), temperature (T) and total nitrogen (TN) were the main environmental factors affecting the distribution of bacterial communities.