白头鹤在升金湖上湖越冬期环境容纳量的研究

1996～ 1998年 ,在北纬 30°15′～ 30°30′ ,东经 115°5 5′～ 117°15′之间的中国安徽升金湖 ,我们对来此越冬的白头鹤 (Grusmanacha)进行了越冬期环境容纳量研究 ,结果表明 :白头鹤在升金湖上湖越冬期的主要食物苦草及蚌类的储藏量 ,经初步测算两者共有 5 9.2t ,折算能量分别为 1.5 11×10 8kJ与 1.6 95× 10 8kJ ,折算总能量为 3.170× 10 8kJ按每只白头鹤在升金湖越冬期为 145d ,越冬期日粮为 6 95 g ,折算消耗能量72 2 1.7kJ计算 ,上湖可容纳白头鹤种群数量的理论值是 30 2只。同时 ,环境因子的变化 ,如降水量、湿度及人为活动是影响白头鹤在升金湖越冬种群数量发生变动的主要原因。控制人为活动 ,保护适合的水位是稳定白头鹤越冬种群的主要措施

ENVIRONMENTAL CARRYING CAPACITY FOR OVER -WINTERING HOODED CRANES IN SHENGJIN LAKE

The environmental carrying capacity for over wintering hooded carans \$Grus manacha\$ was investigated in Shengjin Lake of Anhui province,China for a period from 1996 to 1998.The major food composition of the bird at the upper lake was eel grass Vallisneria spirals and shellfish,with the biomass of about 59.2 ton each year.Providing that each crane stays in the lake for 145 days each year and consumes 520 g per day,the theoretical values of the environmental carrying capacity of the upper lake was 302 cranes each year.The change of environmental factors,such as precipitation,humidity and human activity were the main factors influencing the amount of over wintering cranes in the area.To control human activity and to keep a suitable water level are to two major measures for maintainng a stable over wintering population.