俄罗斯土壤污染防治立法研究及其对构建我国《土壤污染防治法》的启示

俄罗斯土壤污染防治立法有其自己的特色，通过研究总结出七点立法特点。中国的土壤污染形势严峻，现行土壤污染防治立法多采分散立法的模式，缺乏系统性、专门针对性和可操作性，既不能适应日益严峻的土壤污染形式，也不能满足对我国土壤污染保护的客观需求。因此，制定专门的《土壤污染防治法》有其必要性和紧迫性。针对我国土壤污染立法现状，吸收俄罗斯土壤防治立法的先进之处，近而得出了构建我国专门的《土壤污染防治法》，树立整体的立法观念；制定明确的土壤保护标准及土壤污染防治标准；建立土壤污染预防制度和土壤污染修复制度；加强土壤的国家监督、国家监测和许可等管理制度；注重环境影响评价制度以及信息公开，扩大公民的公众参与权等几点启示。

RESEARCH ON LAW OF PREVENTING AND CONTROLLING POLLUTED SOIL IN RUSSIA AND ITS REVELATIONS OVER CONSTRUCTING LAW OF PREVENTING AND CONTROLLING POLLUTED SOIL IN CHINA

Law of preventing and controlling polluted soil in Russia has its own features.The author concluded seven features of the law construction and puts forward the necessity and urgency of constructing Law of Preventing and Controlling Polluted Soil in China according to the present situation of the soil pollution in China.We can conclude that it is important to construct specialized Law of Preventing and Controlling Polluted Soil in China，establish the law concept，set up the specific standards of soil protection，establish the system of polluted soil predicting and repairing，strengthen the managing system of national supervision and permission on soil，emphasize the system of environmental evaluation and information opening and enlarge citizens' rights of public participation and so on.