环境pH对微生物生物膜吸附重金属的影响研究进展

重金属污染以其强毒性、富集性和持久性成为全球性的环境难题。在现有的重金属污染治理技术中,基于微生物生物膜的修复技术因其高效、低成本、可持续等优势,在预防、控制和修复重金属污染等方面被广泛应用,成为了新兴研究热点技术。为了进一步揭示微生物生物膜与重金属之间的内在关系。本文通过对最近二十年微生物生物膜吸附重金属等方面的文献进行系统整理和总结,详细阐述了微生物生物膜吸附重金属的吸附机理、吸附数学模型和pH对微生物生物膜的影响,特别对影响该技术的重要参数pH进行了系统阐述并总结了pH影响微生物生物膜修复技术的原理及规律,以期为未来研发和改进微生物生物膜去除重金属污染的生产应用工艺提出科学性的指导意见与建议。

Research Progress of the Effect of pH on the Adsorption of Heavy Metals by Microbial Biofilms

Heavy metal pollution has become a global environmental problem due to the strong toxicity, high bio-enrichment and non-degradation of heavy metals. Among different heavy metal pollution treatment technologies, microbial biofilm-based remediation technology has been widely used in the prevention, control and remediation aspects due to the advantages of high efficiency, low cost and high sustainability, and this technlogy has become an emerging research hotspot. In order to further uncover the relationship between microbial biofilms and heavy metals, this article systematically investigated the literature on the adsorption of heavy metals by microbial biofilms in the past two decades. And the adsorption mechanism, adsorption related mathematical models and effects of pH on microbial biofilms were also elaborated. In particular, the importance of pH that is identified as a factor affecting the treatment effect of the microbial biofilm technology was highlighted and systematically elaborated. This review will provide scientific suggestions and supports for future research on microbial biofilm based heavy metal removals.