自燃火灾巷道烟流的数值模拟及安全评价

笔者以铜坑矿为工程实例,利用矿井火灾巷道烟气流动所遵循的基本守恒方程组和控制方程组,对烟气流动特性进行数值模拟,得出了自燃火灾巷道内烟气流动的速度场、温度场详细分布情况。并采用预计热舒适指标(PMV)、预计不满意百分比(PPD)对巷道中的空气质量进行了安全评价。结果表明采用数值模拟法对于研究矿山自燃火灾巷道内烟气流动的运动情况更为直观,可视化强;采用的热舒适度评价指标更突出了以人为本。通过模拟计算结果,可以为铜坑矿地下火和毒气蔓延的控制以及火区特大事故应急救援预案的制定提供技术依据。

Safety Evaluation and Numerical Simulation of Fume in the Tunnel of Spontaneous Combustion

This paper takes the case of Tongkeng mine for example. Firstly, fire smoke flow properties in fire tunnel were simulated and computed by using the basic conservation equations and control equations of fire fume so as to obtain the distributing condition of velocity field and temperature field in the fire tunnel. Then the quality of the air in the fire tunnel was evaluated by using the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) and Predicted Percent Dissatisfied (PPD). The results indicated that it was more visual and direct to adopt numerical simulation to study the fume in the self-ignition tunnel and that the evaluating index more emphasized the idea of people oriented. The simulating results can provide much basic technical data for controlling fire, preventing smoke spreading and establishing emergency plan in Tongkeng mine.