制度变迁框架下的耕地生态环境变化研究

从制度安排的角度考察耕地生态环境．通过设计关于农业发展和耕地生态环境的相关指标,从理论和实证角度分析我国建国以来历次制度变迁对农民行为和耕地生态环境的影响。认为土地制度和其他制度决定农民对“用地”和“养地”行为的选择。分析结果表明,不同的制度安排对我国耕地的数量和质量变化呈现出不同效应,地权的稳定性和其他制度会影响农民的用地行为．从而影响耕地生态环境。所以．保护耕地既要严格控制农用地转为建设用地的总量。又要设计适宜的农地产权制度和其他制度以促进农民主动养护耕地。

Study on the Cultivated Lands' Environment in the frame of Institutional Transformation

The paper studies cultivated lands' environment from the point of view of institutional arrangement,designs some indexes of agricultural development and cultivated lands' environment,analyzes the institutional transformatron's effect on farmers' behaviors and cultivated lands' environment theoretically and practically,draws a conclusion that land system and other systems determine the farmer's choice of either "making use of cultivated lands" or "protecting cultivated lands".The paper demonstrates that different systems exert different effect on the quantity and quality of cultivated lands.The stability of land right and other systems may influence farmer's behavior and cultivated lands' environment.In order to protect cultivated lands,on one hand,we should control the transformation of cultivated lands to constructive lands,and on the other hand,we should formalate reasonable cultivated lands right system and other systems to promote farmers to protect cultivated lands initiatively?