近50年中国旱灾的时空变化

采用省级报刊信息源 ,建立了中国旱灾数据库 ,运用数字地图技术 ,重建了 194 9～ 2 0 0 0年中国旱灾的时空格局。研究表明 :全国旱灾空间格局总体呈东西分异 ,重旱灾区域在北方 ,并相对集中分布在黑龙江西部、内蒙古中部、河北北部、陕西北部和宁夏 ;在南方主要分布在中部 5省 (安徽、湖北、湖南、江西和河南 )及四川东部、贵州和云南中东部。全国旱灾的范围有向西部扩展的趋势。全国旱灾动态变化趋向总体呈现南北分异。长江以北地区为旱灾灾次增多区 ;长江以南地区为旱灾普遍减少区或变化不明显区。

Spatio-temporal change of drought disaster in China in recent fifty years

In this paper, a drought disaster database, based on information from Chinese provincial newspaper, is established. And the spatio temporal pattern of drought disaster from 1949 to 2000 is reconstructed by using technology of digital mapping. The results show that the spatial pattern of drought disaster takes on discrepancy between the east and west of China, the heavy disaster area mainly lies in the north, especially in the west of Heilongjiang, the center of Inner Mongolia, the north of Hebei and Shaanxi, Ningxia; in the south of the country, drought disaster area mainly lies in 5 provinces (include Anhui, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi and Henan), and Guizhou, the east of Sichuan, the center east of Yunnan. The distribution of drought disaster in China has the tendency of extension to the west. Dynamic change of drought disaster takes on discrepancy between the south and north of the country. The amount of the drought disaster in the north of Changjiang River is increasing, while the south is decreasing generally or changing invisibly.