辽宁省气候-植被指标时空变化特征及森林适宜性分析

基于辽宁省56个气象站的气象资料,利用Kira的温暖指数（WI）、寒冷指数（CI）和徐文铎的湿度指数（HI）分析辽宁省近40年（1967-2006年）气候-植被指标的时空变异。结果表明,就辽宁省区域平均值而言,WI指数呈升高趋势,每10年增加幅度为2.47℃·月,CI指数呈下降趋势,每10年下降幅度为2.31℃·月,HI总体呈下降趋势,波动较WI和CI明显,从气候—植被指数变化趋势看,对红松Pinus koraiensis Sieboldet Zuccarini、长白落叶松Larixolgensis等不利,而对油松Pinu stabulaeformis Carr、栓皮栎Quercus vari abilis Blume等树种有利。空间变化特征表现为,温暖指数界限呈向西北移动的趋势,表明暖温带落叶阔叶疏林带的适宜面积增加,而温带针阔叶混交林带的适宜面积减小;HI指数减小并且向东移,表明随着指数带的北移和东移缩小限制了原有针叶树种的生长,而对栎树Phytophthora ramorum等阔叶树种有利。

Spatio-temporal characteristics of climate-vegetation index and forest suitability in Liaoning province

Based on the meteorological data from 56 weather stations in Liaoning Province,Kira＇s warmth index（WI）,coldness index（CI）,Xu＇ humidity index（HI） were calculated and their spatial-temporal characteristics were analyzed in Liaoning province during 1967-2006.Results showed that average WI index is the increasing trend with the value of 2.47 ℃ ·month /10 a in the study area,while average CI index is the decreasing trend with the value of 2.31 ℃ ·month /10 a.In general,average HI index also decreases.Compared with WI index and CI index,HI index fluctuates obviously.According to the above mentioned,the climate conditions is disadvantageous to the growth of Korean pine（Pinus koraiensis Siebold et Zuccarini） and larch（Larix olgensis）,and advantageous to the growth of Chinese pine（Pinus tabulaeformis Carr） and robur（Quercus variabilis Blume）.On the other hand,the growth boundary of forest determined by WI was extending to the northwest of Liaoning Province.It suggested that the suitable growth zone of the warm temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest was expanding,while those of the temperate conifer and broad-leaved mixed forests were shrinking.Furthermore,HI index was decreasing and the growth boundary of forest determined by HI was moving to the east of Liaoning Province.It suggested that climate conditions will limit the growth of the original conifer species,while favorable to that of the broad-leaved species such as robur.