控制稻田甲烷排放的农业技术选择

本文探讨了通过农业技术措施，控制稻田甲烷排放以及减少甲烷排放的潜力。试验结果表明：（１）用沼渣代替农家肥堆肥作基肥时，４种沼渣基肥处理中，有３种处理稻田甲烷排放通量比施农家肥的处理减少２４～６２％，比单纯施化肥处理减少１１～５６％；１种沼渣（马粪）由于腐熟度不够，其处理甲烷减排效果不明显；（２）改换氮肥的施用种类。以硝铵、硫铵代替尿素作追肥，甲烷排放通量分别减少２６％和４６％；（３）稻田的科学灌溉技术，从水用分蘖到抽穗期间，间歇落干，可以明显减少甲烷排放，而对产量无影响；（４）水稻半旱式栽培技术，也可明显抑制稻田甲烷排放。

Agricultural measure options for reducing methane emissions from rice field.

In this paper we have summarized the mea-sures for the control of methane emissions from paddy fieldand reduction of methane emissions by agricultural tech-niques. The result shows: (1)among the four different kinds of biogas manure applied as basic manure ,methane emission fluxes in three treatments were reduced by 24 -62%,whichwas 11-56% less than the treatment with chemical fertilizer applied only.Owing to one of the biogas manures (i .e. horse blogas manure )was insufficiently composted ,the decrease in methane emission was not significant (2) The alternation ofnitrogen fertilizer such as using ammonium nitrate and ammo-nium sulfate to replace urea as top application,the methane e-mission fluxes was decredxed by 26%and 46%.separately .(3)The intermittent wet-dry irrigation technique from rice tillering stage to early jointing stage can decrease significantly Tnethane emission flux without any effect on rice yield.( 4)Se-mi- arid cultivation technique can obviously inhibite the emis-sion of mehtane in paddy field.