建筑施工安全事故损失内部化分析

当前,安全损失外部化倾向未能从根本上有效调动建筑企业致力于改善安全生产业绩。笔者认为,要从本质上改善我国建筑安全生产状况,必须促使安全损失内部化,该理念不仅有利于落实“企业安全生产责任主体”制度、保护建筑工人及其家庭的权益以及减轻政府负担,而且还能促使整个社会共同致力于改善职业安全与健康状况,从而促进建筑市场的持续健康发展和确保社会的和谐稳定。市场经济条件下,安全损失内部化须借助经济杠杆的调节作用,通过提高赔偿额度、提取安全生产抵押金、制裁或罚款、浮动保险费率、带薪工伤病假以及市场进退机制等手段,加大安全损失内部化力度。安全损失内部化力度的加大,对预防未来的安全事故将起到积极的经济刺激作用,从本质上提高我国建筑业整体安全管理水平。

Internalization Analysis on Accident Loss in Construction Industry

At present, the notable externalization of accident loss is the essential reason why the construction company won't dedicate in improving the work safety. In order to improve the situation of construction safety in China, the internalization of accident loss is a key measure, which will help to implement the system of "enterprise is the main body of responsibility for production safety", to protect the legal rights of construction workers and their families, to lighten the burden of government, and to promote the consciousness of the whole society about improving occupational safety and health so as to promote the sustainable development of the construction market and to ensure social harmony and stability. In the environment of market economy, the economic lever should be taken to carry out the internalization of accident loss, including the increase of compensation, drawing pledge for work safety, enforcing penalty or forfeit, fluctuating the premium rate, implementing injury leave with wages, and implementing strictly the market entry and exit mechanism. The internalization of accident loss could promote the prevention of accident through economic lever, and the level of safety management in whole construction industry would be essentially improved.