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民用燃料燃烧排放PM2.5和PM10中碳组分排放因子对比
引用本文:孔少飞,白志鹏,陆炳. 民用燃料燃烧排放PM2.5和PM10中碳组分排放因子对比[J]. 中国环境科学, 2014, 34(11): 2749-2756
作者姓名:孔少飞  白志鹏  陆炳
作者单位:1. 南京信息工程大学大气物理学院,气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心,中国气象局气溶胶与云降水重点开放实验室,江苏 南京 210044
2. 中国环境科学研究院,大气化学和气溶胶科技创新基地,北京 100012
3. 南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津,300071
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目,教育部博士点基金
摘    要:在实验室中模拟民用燃料在家庭炉灶中的燃烧,应用稀释通道系统采集颗粒物,获得玉米秸秆、薪柴、蜂窝煤和块煤四种常用民用燃料燃烧排放PM10,PM2.5及载带碳组分的排放因子.结果表明,民用燃料燃烧排放的颗粒物以细颗粒为主, PM2.5占PM10的70%~90%.颗粒物排放因子最大的为块煤,其PM2.5和PM10的排放因子分别为9.837和11.929g/kg,分别是蜂窝煤的12.6和13.7倍;玉米秸秆和薪柴PM2.5和PM10的排放因子稍低于块煤,为7.359~10.444g/kg.4种燃料燃烧OC排放因子块煤最高,其在PM2.5和PM10中分别为5.29和5.19g/kg.薪柴燃烧EC的排放因子最高,其在PM2.5和PM10 中的排放因子分别为1.065和1.126g/kg.块煤两种粒径上EC的排放因子略低于薪柴.蜂窝煤EC的排放因子最低,比薪柴低300倍左右,玉米秸秆EC的排放因子也要比薪柴低10倍左右.碳组分是块煤,秸秆,薪柴排放颗粒物的主要成分,其含量在40%~60%之间,该值比蜂窝煤高3倍.四种燃料对应的OC/EC比值差异很大,薪柴和块煤燃烧排放颗粒该值为3~6,秸秆和蜂窝煤燃烧排放颗粒其值高达30~50.

关 键 词:民用燃料  颗粒物  稀释采样  碳组分  排放因子  
收稿时间:2014-02-17

Comparative analysis on emission factors of carbonaceous components in PM25 and PM10 from domestic fuels combustion
KONG Shao-Fei,BAI Zhi-Peng,LU Bing. Comparative analysis on emission factors of carbonaceous components in PM25 and PM10 from domestic fuels combustion[J]. China Environmental Science, 2014, 34(11): 2749-2756
Authors:KONG Shao-Fei  BAI Zhi-Peng  LU Bing
Abstract:PM10 and PM2.5 emitted from crop waste (JG), wood (XC), honeycomb coal (FW) and raw coal (KM) burning were collected through a dilution sampling system. Carbonaceous components in what are they were analyzed. Results showed that the emission factors (EFs) of particles and carbon components were influenced by fuel types. Fine particles were the most common particles, with PM2.5/PM10 ratios varying between 0.7~0.9. KM held the highest EFs of particles. They were 9.837g/kg and 11.929g/kg for PM2.5 and PM10 which were 12.6 and 13.7 times higher than FW, respectively. The EFs of particles for JG and XC were in the range of 7.359g/kg~10.444g/kg, slightly lower than those of KM. The EFs of OC were highest for KM (5.29 and 5.19g/kg for PM2.5 and PM10). The highest EFs of EC were in XC (1.065 and 1.126g/kg of PM2.5 and PM10) which were 300 and 10 times of those in FW and JG. The carbonaceous components accounted for 40%~60% of particles emitted from KM, XC and JG burning which were three times higher than FW. The OC/EC ratios for XC and KM varied from 3 to 6 and the ratios were up to 30~50 for JG and FW.
Keywords:residential fuel  particulate matter  dilution sampling  carbonaceous components  emission factor
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