| 环境基准研究与环境标准制定进展及展望 |
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| 引用本文： | 周启星.环境基准研究与环境标准制定进展及展望[J].生态与农村环境学报,2010,26(1). |
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| 作者姓名： | 周启星 |
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| 作者单位： | 南开大学环境科学与工程学院/环境污染过程与基准教育部重点实验室,天津,300071;中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所/中国科学院陆地生态过程重点实验室,辽宁,沈阳,110016 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家环保公益性项目(200909041) |
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| 摘 要： | 环境基准是一个非常棘手且具有挑战性的科学难题,环境标准制定与修订是一项长期的、艰巨的任务。根据国际上该方向近年来的发展,对环境基准和环境标准的概念与内涵进行了论述,对过去的认识进行了纠正,指出:环境基准不等于环境质量基准,环境基准应该包括环境质量基准和污染环境修复基准2个方面;相应地,环境标准则应包括环境质量标准和污染环境修复标准2个部分。在此基础上,概述了国际和国内有关环境质量基准研究方面取得的显著成绩,列举了法国(作为西欧的代表)、加拿大(作为美洲的代表)和意大利(作为中欧的代表)在环境质量标准制定过程中的先进做法,介绍了美国、英国和俄罗斯等国家在污染环境修复基准研究与污染环境修复标准制定等方面的进展。最后,对我国今后环境基准的研究进行了展望。
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| 关 键 词： | 环境基准 环境质量基准 污染环境修复基准 环境标准 生态毒理效应 |
Advances and Prospect of Research on Environmental Criteria/Benchmarks and Enactment of Environmental Standards. |
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| ZHOU Qi-xing.Advances and Prospect of Research on Environmental Criteria/Benchmarks and Enactment of Environmental Standards.[J].Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2010,26(1). |
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| Authors: | ZHOU Qi-xing |
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| Institution: | 1.Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria of Ministry of Education/College of Environmental Science and Engineering/a>;Nankai University/a>;Tianjin 300071/a>;China/a>;2.Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecological Process/a>;Institute of Applied Ecology/a>;Chinese Academy of Sciences/a>;Shenyang 110016/a>;China |
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| Abstract: | To derive and develop environmental criteria/benchmarks is a challenging and intractable scientific conundrum.The enactment and revision of environmental standards is a long-term and arduous task.In this review,the conception and connotation of environmental criteria/benchmarks and standards were firstly expounded,and the old cognition in the past was rectified according to their recent international developments in this direction.It emphasizes that the environmental criterion/benchmark is not equal to the ... |
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| Keywords: | environmental criterion/benchmark environmental quality criterion/benchmark remediation/cleanup criterion/benchmark for contaminated environment environmental standard ecotoxicological effect |
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