海南岛香蕉园土壤肥力现状及变化趋势分析

对海南岛5大香蕉种植区(乐东、东方、昌江、临高、儋州)各大香蕉基地的共计57蕉园土壤样品及与之对应的20个对照样品进行了pH值、有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾、交换性钙镁、有效硫、有效铜锌及有效硼含量分析.结论如下:1)海南岛各大香蕉基地由于管理水平不同,其土壤肥力水平差异相当明显,以乐东地区蕉园土壤肥力为最低.2)全区蕉园土壤较对照土壤pH值降低(下降0.27～0.91个单位);有机质质量比降低(下降0.009～0.063g/kg);碱解氮质量比降低(下降0.72～22.75 mg/kg);速效磷大量积累(上升17.4%～1552.4%);速效钾质量比增加缓慢(上升161.94～312.18 mg/kg);中量元素交换性钙、速效硫含量有一定幅度的增加(Ca上升0.39～3.94cmol/kg,S上升1.52～43.00mg/kg);交换性镁有下降趋势(下降0.01～0.15 mg/kg);微量元素中速效性铜有增加趋势(上升0.16～1.49mg/kg)而速效锌、速效硼有下降趋势(Zn下降0.10～2.04mg/kg,B下降0.01～0.04mg/kg).

Study on present situation of soil fertility in banana gardens of Hainan and its changing tendency

The present paper aims to report the authors' investigation of the present stuation of soil fertility in banana gardens of Hainan and its changing tendency. In the hope to know the influence of the planting on the soil fertility and particularly the fertility due to banana planting, we have collected 57 soil samples and 20 contrast samples from 5 areas in Hainan, and assayed the pH, the content of organic matter and the content of quick-act N, P, K, the changeable Ca, Mg and availability S, Cu, Zn and B. The conclusions we have gained from the investigation can be stated as follows: 1) The soil fertility levels are quite different from farm to farm for different levels of management and farming methods. On the whole the soil fertility levels are quite low particularly in Ledong area, which is very poor. 2) The pH level in the soil in banana gardens has been reduced for 0.27 to 0.91, the content of organic matter reduced for 0.9 to 6.3 g/kg, alkali-dispeled N reduced for 0.72 to 22.75 g/kg, while quick-acting P has increased for 17.4 to 1552.4 percents and quick-acting K increased to 161.94 to 312.18 g/kg; the content of changeable Ga has increased by 0.39 to 3.94 cmol(+)/kg. As to quick-acting S , it has increased with 1.52 to 43.00 g/kg with changeable Mg reduced for 0.01 to 0.15 cmol(+)/kg. At the same time, the content of quick-acting Cu has increased with 0.16 to 1.49 g/kg, but quick-acting Zn has reduced for 0.10 to 2.04 g/kg with quick-acting B dropping for 0.01 to 0.04 g/kg.