三峡库区非线性延迟的环境效应及其防治对策

介绍了非线性延迟的环境效应的概念、危害及其预测和防治对策。针对三峡库区的污染现状，与浙江千岛湖（新安江水库）建库40年后蓝藻水华暴发的环境状况比较，强调三峡水库局部水域可能存在人为富营养化污染引起的非线性延迟的环境效应，特别是水库蓄水后库区支流香溪河水域蓝藻水华暴发的风险性极大；根据三峡水库毗邻武陵山汞矿带高汞背景区，燃煤的硫和汞含量较高，以及库区酸沉降和汞污染状况较为严重的状况，提出库区存在汞甲基化和酸沉降引起的非线性环境效应。讨论了相应这些效应的控制对策和措施，并建议现在充分重视这些非线性环境效应，在库区生态环境建设中要考虑这些影响的防治措施。

NONLINEAR AND TIME-DELAYED ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTOF THE THREE-GORGE RESERVOIR AREA

The concept and damages caused by the nonlinear and time delayed environmental effects,as well as prognostication and control countermeasure was analyzed and pointed out by the authors in the paper.Based on comparison of the Three Gorge Reservoir and The Qiandao Lake (Xinanjiang Reservoir),Zhejiang province,in which blue green alga bloom jumped up after 40 years of construction of reservoir,the non linear and time delayed environmental effects caused by artificial eutrophyication in the Three Gorge Reservoir were emphasized,especially risk of violent growth of blue green alga bloom in the Xiangxihe River area after impounding.According to published results,the west south area of the reservoir abuts on the high mercury background area of the Wulingshan mercury mine strips,and contents of sulphur and mercury in coal are more higher,pollutions of mercury and acid precipitation are severe.Because of the contaminated actuality,the acid precipitation and Hg methylation are proposed to may be the non linear time delayed environmental effects of the Three Gorge Reservoir area.These effects should secure much attention.Finally,prevention and countermeasures of these influencing during ecological and environmental construct of the reservoir area were suggested.