Chemical characterization of acid precipitation in Albany,New York |
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| Institution: | 1. Wadsworth Center for Laboratories and Research, New York State Department of Health, Empire State Plaza, P.O. Box 509, Albany, NY 12201-0509, U.S.A.;2. Department of Environmental Health and Toxicology, School of Public Health Sciences, State University of New York at Albany, Empire State Plaza, P.O. Box 509, Albany, NY 12201-0509, U.S.A.;1. FI-TRACE group, Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemossa km 7.5, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;2. Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, 50th Dr. Moliner St., 46100 Burjassot, Spain;1. School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore;2. Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, 638075, Singapore;1. Key Laboratory of Eco-chemical Engineering, Qingdao 266042, China, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao 266042, China;2. Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ankang University, Ankang 725000, China;1. Gradient, 600 Stewart Street, Ste 1900, Seattle, WA 98101, USA;2. Gradient, 20 University Road, Ste 5, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA |
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| Abstract: | Chemical composition of precipitation in Albany, NY from July 1986 to December 1988 has been studied. Mean volume-weighted concentrations (μeq??1) were: acidity, 104.0; alkalinity, ?63.7; SO42?, 52.8; NO3?, 29.8; Cl?, 5.6; F?, 0.50; NH4+, 19.3; Ca2+, 6.5; Mg2+, 2.8; Na+, 3.5; and K+, 1.4. Mean pH was 4.2 . Seasonal patterns were pronounced for most species. Concentrations of H+, SO42?, NO3?, NH4+ and Ca2+ peaked in the summer and spring. Deposition was related to rainfall amount by a power law relationship in which the exponent of the equation was ∮.6. Wet SO42? deposition was 2.35 keq ha?1 over a 30-month period. The SO42? and NO3? deposition rates observed at Albany indicate that transport from midwestern sources have a major influence at this site. On the average, free H+ ion concentrations determined from pH measurements accounted for 51% of the measured total acidity. There were unknown species, most likely organic acids, that could contribute to the acidity. Correlation and regression analyses indicated that major anions, SO42? and NO3?, were closely associated with H+ and NH4+ ions. Factor analysis revealed four common factors which are related to fossil-fuel combustion, sea spray, cement factory and biomass burning. |
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