Wet deposition of volcanic gases and ash in the vicinity of Mount Sakurajima |
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| Institution: | 1. Center for Advanced Marine Core Research, Kochi University, 200 Monobe-otsu, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8502, Japan;2. Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 200 Monobe-otsu Nankoku, Kochi 783-8502, Japan;3. Dept. of Earth Sciences, University College London, Gower St., London WC1E 6BT, UK;4. Institute for East China Sea Research, Nagasaki University, 1-14, Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan;5. National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Fisheries Research Agency, 2-12-4 Fukuura, Kanazawa, Yokohama 236-8648, Japan;6. Department of Natural History Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, N10W8, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan;7. Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, N10W8, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan;1. Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;2. Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA |
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| Abstract: | Wet deposition of soluble materials was monitored for a 7-month period in the vicinity of Mount Sakurajima, which has been very active since 1955. Data obtained for the ionic composition of samples were used as a basis for considering the scavenging of volcanic emissions by precipitation. Precipitation samples with pH < 4 were often collected in the vicinity of Mount Sakurajima during the course of the study. HCl, H2SO4 and HF were the primary contributors to the acidity of precipitation. The exCl−/exSO42− mole ratio of precipitation was several times that of volcanic ash in the vicinity of the volcano and declined with distance from the volcano. Although most of the S in volcanic emissions is in the form of SO2, relatively little of this is washed out by precipitation in the immediate vicinity of the volcano. The deposition of S in the vicinity of the volcano can be adequately accounted for by assuming the scavenging of SO42− particles despite the relatively small share of total atmospheric S loading of particulate SO42− in the vicinity of Mount Sakurajima. |
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