杭州市大气气溶胶光学厚度研究

利用2011~2012年杭州国家基准气候站内太阳光度计(CE-318)观测资料,分析杭州市气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)和Angstrom波长指数(α)的变化特征.结果表明,2011~2012年杭州市AOD500nm年平均值为0.86±0.47,α440~870nm年平均值为1.25±0.23.AOD季节变化特征不明显,主要与该地区天气形势以及内外源影响密切相关.α季节变化差异也不大,受北方带来的沙尘气溶胶影响,春季α略偏低.AOD呈现单峰型日变化特征,峰值出现在15:00,谷值出现在06:00,午后AOD明显升高主要与强烈的太阳辐射引起光化学反应产生的二次气溶胶以及近地层气溶胶在湍流输送作用下向城市上空扩散有关.从频率分布来看,AOD和α频率分布均呈现明显的单峰特征,并且较好的符合对数正态分布.α在高值区间1.1~1.7出现频率为77.8%,表明杭州市以平均半径较小的气溶胶粒子为主,属于城市-工业型气溶胶类型.杭州市AOD的高值(>1.0)主要表现为粗模态气溶胶以及细模态气溶胶的吸湿增长.

Aerosol optical depth in urban site of Hangzhou

The characteristics of aerosol optical depth (AOD) and Angstrom wavelength exponent (α) were analyzed and compared using Cimel sunphotometer data from 2011 to 2012 at national basic meteorological station in Hangzhou city of China. The results showed that the mean value of AOD500nm and α440-870nm were 0.86±0.47and 1.25±0.23, respectively. The averaged AOD over Hangzhou had no obviously seasonal variation characteristics. It was closely related to the weather patterns and internal and external sources influence in this region. The seasonal variation of α was not distinct. Due to dust aerosol spreading from north of china, the α measured in spring was a little lower compared to other seasons. The diurnal variation of averaged AOD showed a single peak distribution with the peak value and valley value at 15:00 and 06:00 respectively. The significantly increased value of AOD in the afternoon were due to the secondary aerosols generated from photochemical reactions that caused by strongly solar radiations and the aerosols in the surface layer spreading to upper layer influenced by turbulent transfer action. Both the AOD and α showed obvious single peak of frequencies based on the frequency distribution. It was found that the AOD and α can be better characterized by a lognormal distribution. The frequency of α, occurring in the high value range between 1.1and 1.7was 77.8%, which indicated that the average effective radii of aerosol particles were small and the aerosols should be classified as urban-industrial aerosols in Hangzhou. The data also showed high AOD(>1.0) both clustering in the fine mode growth wing and the coarse mode.