长江安徽段及巢湖水患区防洪治水的环境地质问题

长江安徽江段及巢湖水患我环境地质问题突出，因洪涝诱发引起的地质灾害十分频繁，特别是在每年汛期持续的高水位影响下，形成堤基管涌、边岸崩塌、软土变形、散浸等，造成溃口成灾或渍水成涝，形成大面积的洪涝灾害。这一地区的水患问题的形成和发展受地质环境影响的控制。通过收集有关资料，对长江安徽江段及巢湖水患我环境地质特征及存在的主要问题进行了初步分析，提出水患区的形成主要受控于地质作用，泥沙淤积与地貌演化作用，人类活动及岸带变化和堤基变形作用。为有效地进行防洪治水规划，应开展与洪涝灾害发生与发展有关的环境地质调查研究，特别是对江湖关系、第四纪地质和新构造运动与洪涝灾害的关系需要进行重点调查研究，为防洪治水规划提供依据。

PRELIMINARY DISCUSSION ON THE ENVIRONMENTAL AND GEOLOGICAL PROBLEMS FOR WATER CONTROL IN THE FLOOD AREA OF CHAOHU LAKE AND THE SECTION ALONG YANGTZE RIVER IN ANHUI PROVINCE

Based on the collected data,the environmental and geological features and current major problems in the flood area of Chaohu Lake and the section along Yangtze River in Anhui were analyzed.It is indicated that the formation of flood area is substantially controlled by geological process,stream load silting,landform evolution,human activity,bank zone change and deformation of dyke's foundation.To make an effective water control plan environmental and geological surveys must be conducted on the generation and development of flood,especially on the relationships between the river and the lake,and between Quaternary geology and neotectonic movement with flood.