论合理施肥与土壤环境的可持续性发展

文中论述了合理施肥对提高作物产量、改善品质以及净化与保护生态环境、实现农业可持续性发展的重要性与不可替代性，而施肥不当或滥用肥料不仅对土壤、植物养分平衡失调，作物产量与品质构成威胁，而且更重要的是作物吸收后所残留的肥料随着灌水或降水而产生径流、淋溶或侧渗，其累积效应对土壤和地表水、地下水易于造成污染，从而影响土壤环境与农业生态系统的稳定性、可持续性发展。为此，本文在肯定施肥对农业生产重要作用的基础上，重点探讨了施肥不当或滥用化肥，以城市生活垃圾、污水等为肥源所可能导致的土壤环境污染、对生态系统的危害性及其有效防治措施。

FERTILIZER PROPER USE AND SUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENT OF SOIL ENVIRONMENT IN CHINA

Proper fertilization is an important measure in agriculture not only for crop yield and quality improvement but also for environment protection and sustainable development. Improper fertilization or fertilizer abuse will result in nutrients imbalance in soil for plants growth, affect the yield and quality, the more important is that, the fertilizers remained in soil after crop uptake will be runoff, leaching by irrigation or rain water, accumulatively pollute ground and underground waters, the stability of agricultural ecosystem will be affected too. Therefore, based on the important functions of fertilization in agriculture, this paper mainly deals with soil pollution, some damages to ecosystem by improper fertilization, fertilizer abuse, take city rubbish as a kind of fertilizer or sewage water to irrigate crops or vegetables.