国内外新污染物环境管理政策分析与建议

新污染物对我国生态环境和人体健康带来极大威胁，引起国家高度重视. 通过查阅文献资料，梳理我国关于环境内分泌干扰物、全氟化合物、微塑料、抗生素等四类新污染物环境管理的政策法规及相关规定，对比美国、欧盟和日本等发达国家和地区相关环境管理经验，结合我国环境管理存在的问题，提出5个方面的建议:一是强化顶层设计，完善相关法律法规和标准建设；二是明确职责分工，建立跨部门跨区域协作机制；三是加强监测评估，摸清新污染物污染底数；四是重视基础研究，为精准科学治污提供技术支持；五是加强宣传教育，激发公众参与环境治理热情. 

Analysis and Suggestions of Environmental Management Policies of New Pollutants at Home and Abroad

New pollutants pose a major threat to the ecological environment and human health in China, and have attracted great attention from the country. This paper reviews literatures on China′s policies, laws and related regulations of four kinds of new pollutants, including endocrine disruptors, perfluorinated compounds, microplastics and antibiotics. Then, on the basis of comparing the relevant environmental management experience of developed countries such as the United States, the European Union and Japan, as well as China′s environmental management practice, five suggestions were put forward: First, strengthen the top-level design and improve the construction of relevant laws, regulations and standards; Second, clarify the division of responsibilities and establish a cross-departmental and cross-regional cooperation mechanism; Third, strengthen monitoring and evaluation to grasp the current situation of new pollutants; Fourth, address basic research and provide technical support for precise scientific pollution control; Fifth, strengthen publicity and education to stimulate public enthusiasm for environmental governance.