Effects of sewage sludge biochar on plant metal availability after application to a Mediterranean soil |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Departamento de Ingeniería de Materiales, E.T.S.I. Minas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, C/Ríos Rosas No. 21, 28003 Madrid, Spain;2. Departamento de Edafología, E.T.S.I. Agrónomos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28004 Madrid, Spain;1. Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia;2. Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Woodbridge Road, Menangle, NSW 2568, Australia;3. NSW Department of Primary Industries, 4 Marsden Park Road, Calala, NSW 2340, Australia;1. Departamento de Producción Agraria, E.T.S.I. Agrónomos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain;2. School of Civil, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne 3001, VIC, Australia;3. Departamento de Ingeniería Geológica y Minera, E.T.S.I. Minas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, C/Ríos Rosas no. 21, 28003 Madrid, Spain;1. Chemical Safety Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Republic of Korea;2. Korea Biochar Research Center, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea;1. School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;2. College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China |
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| Abstract: | Pyrolytic conversion of sewage sludge into biochar could be a sustainable management option for Mediterranean agricultural soils. The aim of this work is to evaluate the effects of biochar from sewage sludge pyrolysis on soil properties; heavy metals solubility and bioavailability in a Mediterranean agricultural soil and compared with those of raw sewage sludge. Biochar (B) was prepared by pyrolysis of selected sewage sludge (SL) at 500 °C. The pyrolysis process decreased the plant-available of Cu, Ni, Zn and Pb, the mobile forms of Cu, Ni, Zn, Cd and Pb and also the risk of leaching of Cu, Ni, Zn and Cd. A selected Mediterranean soil was amended with SL and B at two different rates in mass: 4% and 8%. The incubation experiment (200 d) was conducted in order to study carbon mineralization and trace metal solubility and bioavailability of these treatments. Both types of amendments increased soil respiration with respect to the control soil. The increase was lower in the case of B than when SL was directly added. Metals mobility was studied in soil after the incubation and it can be established that the risk of leaching of Cu, Ni and Zn were lower in the soil treated with biochar that in sewage sludge treatment. Biochar amended samples also reduced plant availability of Ni, Zn, Cd and Pb when compared to sewage sludge amended samples. |
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