论《环境保护法》的修改与环境法律制度的完善

建立良好、和谐一致的环境法律体系是我国环境法制建设的重要基础。《环境保护法》确立的环境目标责任制、排污收费制度、环境影响评价制度、限期治理制度和公众参与制度等制度已经不能适应新的市场经济体制和科学发展观的要求，需要变革与创新。许多新的行之有效的管理制度亟待上升为法律制度。因此，《环境保护法》扮演着整合性环境立法的角色，修订时应持资源、环境与生态的整体观念。基于调研和理论思考，提出6点建议：提升立法层次、增强法律权威；确立环境优先、追求社会至善；制约行政权力、明确政府责任；提倡环境自治、保障公众参与；突破诉讼瓶颈、鼓励公益诉讼；理顺权责关系、提高管理效率，以期为《环境保护法》的修改和环境法律制度的完善提供参考。〖

AMENDMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ACT AND PERFECTION OF ENVIRONMENT LAW INSTITUTION

A good and harmonious environmental law institution is the base of environmental legal system building.Environmental Protection Act (EPA,1989) needs reform,because some institutions of EPA can- not suit the new market economy system and the scientific development idea,such as responsibility of envi- ronmental aim,levy system of pollutant discharge,EIA,undertaking treatment within a prescribed limit of time,public participation.At the same time,many new effective institutions are in dire need of affirmation by legislation.The conclusion is reached that the EPA plays the role of integrated environmental legisla- tion,so,the amendment of EPA should keep the whole environmental idea.Based on skeleton investigation and theoretical thinking,we put forward six suggestions on the amendment of EPA 1989.to upgrade the le- gal level,establish the environmental priority,restrict the administration,advocate environmental self-de- termination,encourage public interests litigation,promote cooperation and efficiency,in order to provide reference to amendment of EPA and perfection of environment law institution