人工浮床对汾江河水质净化的研究

对佛山市汾江河内布置浮床的水域的7个断面进行采样监测,分析了布置浮床侧与未布置浮床侧各水质指标的差异,以考察人工浮床对汾江河水质的净化效果。同时比较了圆币草、水罂粟、梭鱼草、狐尾草、美人蕉和鸢尾6种浮床植物的生物量和氮磷吸收量。结果表明,布置人工浮床一侧的水质TN、TP、COD和NH4＋-N含量均显著低于未布置浮床一侧的水质,表明人工浮床对水体水质的有净化效果。总面积约4 900 m2的浮床植物经过3个月的生长,从水体中共吸收了192.5 kg的氮和76.1 kg的磷。6种浮床植物中,狐尾草的净增生物量最高,达到64.2 kg/m2;圆币草次之,为62.2 kg/m2。狐尾草和圆币草对氮磷的吸收能力在6种植物中处于较高水平,每平方米狐尾草和圆币草从水体中分别吸收了51.61g氮、19.79 g磷和46.90 g氮、22.93 g磷。综合比较得出,狐尾草和圆币草在生物量和氮磷吸收量上均保持在较高水平,是较好的浮床植物。本研究为人工浮床在南方类似河流中的应用及植物选择提供了参考依据。

Research on purification of artificial floating bed in Fenjiang River

In order to investigate the purification effect of artificial floating bed in Fenjiang River in Foshan, 7 sections of the water area with floating bed were monitored in this study, and the absorbability of 6 floating bed plants (Hydrocotyle verticillate, Hydrocleys nymphoides, Pickerelweed, Meadow foxtail, Canna lily, Roof iris)on nitrogen and phosphorus were compared as well. The results showed that, the amounts of TN,TP,COD,NH₄⁺-N in the side with floating bed were significantly lower than those in the side without floating bed on average, which indicated the floating bed could effectively improve the water quality. The 4 900 m² plants absorbed 192.5 kg N and 76.1 kg P during 3-months-pieriod of growth in total. The nutrient uptake abilities of Meadow foxtail and Hydrocotyle verticillate were significantly higher than other 4 plants. Observation showed 51.61 g N and 19.79 g P, 46.90 g N and 22.93 g P were absorbed by Meadow foxtail and Hydrocotyle verticillate respectively per square. Results indicated that Meadow foxtail and Hydrocotyle verticillate are better plants to cultivate on floating bed, as they reached a higher level in the biomass and the absorption of the N and P. This study provided a valuable reference for the application of floating bed and the floating bed plants choice in the similar rivers.