Solar and Tidal Modulations of Fecal Indicator Bacteria in Coastal Waters at Huntington Beach,California |
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Authors: | Seo Jin Ki Semsi Ensari Joon Ha Kim |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 500-712, Korea;(2) The Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA;(3) Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Center for Water Research, GIST, Gwangju, 500-712, Korea |
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Abstract: | The coastal waters at many beaches in California and the United States are afflicted with fecal pollution, which poses a health
risk for people exposed to the water through recreational activities such as swimming, surfing, and diving. Identifying sources
of pollution is complicated by oceanographic transport/mixing processes and the nonconservative behavior of microorganisms
exposed to sunlight and hostile marine conditions. This article investigates the variation of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB)
concentrations in the surf zone and the adjacent coastal marsh by applying autocorrelation and cross-correlation analyses
that illustrate solar and tidal modulations. A steady state bioreactor model was developed to explain solar inactivation in
the surf zone, whereas a dynamic model was applied to explain tidally influenced disturbances in the coastal marsh. These
models applied to intensive monitoring datasets on FIB and environmental variables have provided insights into the biologic
and physical processes controlling coastal water quality, specifically the influence of sunlight and tides on bacterial levels. |
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Keywords: | Coastal waters Fecal indicator bacteria Solar and tidal modulation |
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