广东省高分辨率温室气体排放清单及特征

根据典型城市调查与统计数据收集得到的广东省活动水平数据，采用自上而下和自下而上相结合的排放因子法和GIS技术，建立了广东省2018年3 km×3 km高分辨率温室气体排放清单.估算范围包括能源活动、工业生产过程、农业活动、土地利用变化和林业、废弃物处理以及电力调入（出）间接排放等6大类CO₂、CH₄和N₂O这3种温室气体.结果表明，广东省2018年CO₂、CH₄和N₂O的排放量分别为8.5×10⁸、1.9×10⁶和1.1×10⁵ t，以CO₂当量计分别为8.5×10⁸、4.0×10⁷和3.4×10⁷ t，合计9.2×10⁸ t.CO₂是广东省主要的温室气体排放种类，占全省温室气体总排放量的92.0%，能源活动和电力调入（出）间接排放是广东省温室气体排放的主要部门，排放占比分别为77.9%和7.6%，合计占比为85.5%.从温室气体排放的空间分布情况来看，全省大部分地区温室气体表现为排放源，部分区域表现为汇；温室气体排放主要集中在珠三角地区，并呈现一定的沿路网和航道分布的特征；温室气体高排放网格主要为大型电厂、钢铁厂和水泥厂等高耗能企业所在地.

High Resolution Emission Inventory of Greenhouse Gas and Its Characteristics in Guangdong，China

Based on the typical city survey data and statistics of Guangdong Province， a 2018-based 3 km×3 km gridded greenhouse gas emissions inventory was developed for Guangdong Province using the combination of top-down and bottom-up emission factor methods. The inventory covered the CO₂， CH_4， and N₂O emissions from energy， industrial processes， agriculture， land use change and forest， waste management， and indirect sources. The results showed that estimates for CO₂， CH₄， and N₂O in Guangdong Province for the year 2018 were 8.5×10⁸， 1.9×10⁶， and 1.1×10⁵ t， respectively， and 8.5×10⁸， 4.0×10⁷， and 3.4×10⁷ t by equivalent carbon dioxide， totaling 9.2×10⁸ t. CO₂ was the main greenhouse gas in Guangdong Province， accounting for 92.0% of the total emissions. Energy and indirect sources were the main emission sources， accounting for 77.9% and 7.6%， respectively， totaling 85.5%. Spatial distributions illustrated that most grids were greenhouse gas emissions， whereas some others were greenhouse gas sinks； the greenhouse gas emissions were distributed mainly in the Pearl River Delta region and had certain characteristics of distribution along the road network and channels. The greenhouse gas grids of high emission were mainly the locations of high energy-consuming enterprises such as large power plants， steel mills， and cement plants.