五种表面活性剂对柴油污染土壤清洗效果的比较

研究了十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)、十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)、皂苷(saponin)、月桂醇聚氧乙烯(23)醚(Brij35)、Triton X-100五种表面活性剂对中度柴油污染土壤的清洗效果,考察柴油和土壤混合后在不同时间段的挥发特点,认为污染时长会直接影响表面活性剂清洗修复的效果,增大清洗剂浓度可以提高对新污染土壤的洗脱率,但对老化污染土壤的效果并不明显;对不同含油量的污染土壤清洗,研究污染程度对洗脱率变化的影响,当达到一定含油量后洗脱效果产生突变。不同表面活性剂在相同CMC倍数下清洗能力存在差异,其顺序为SDS>SDBS>Triton X-100>皂苷>Brij35。

COMPARISON OF THE EFFECT OF WASHING DIESEL OIL-CONTAMINATED SOIL BY FIVE KINDS OF SURFACTANTS

The effectiveness of five kinds of surfactants，such as SDS，SDBS，saponin，Brij35，Triton X-100，on washing middle level diesel oil contaminated soil was studied． By investigating volatilization of diesel oil after being mixed with soil，it was found that the mix-time affected the elution percentage． It is effective to raise the concentration of surfactants when washing the new contaminated soil，but not the old． The result shows that the oil-content affects the elution percentage，too． When the oil-content reaches a point，the elution percentage raises suddenly． Under the concentration of the same multiples of CMC washing，different kinds of surfactants rank as SDS ＞ SDBS ＞ Triton X-100 ＞ saponin ＞ Brij35．