“三水”统筹视角下京津冀地区城市水生态环境保护策略分析

明确京津冀地区水生态环境保护方向与策略,对于实现京津冀水生态环境保护和高质量协同发展,以及2035年美丽中国建设目标具有重大意义.在水资源、水环境、水生态的“三水”统筹视角下,面向京津冀地区水生态环境管理问题和需求,以重点城市作为基本分析单元,从“三水”以及社会经济发展水平、污染物排放量和环境治理力度这6个维度研究构建水生态环境保护策略分析体系,为量化水生态环境保护水平提供逻辑框架.在设立理想值的基础上应用PROMETHEE-GAIA方法分析京津冀各城市水生态环境现状与理想值之间的差距,因地制宜制定各个城市水生态环境保护策略.结果显示水生态环境保护综合水平从高到低依次为：北京市>天津市>秦皇岛市>衡水市>张家口市>廊坊市>净流(Phi)均值>邯郸市>承德市>沧州市>保定市>唐山市>石家庄市>邢台市,各城市水生态环境保护水平距离理想值仍有不小的差距;分别从单维度和单指标层次分析得到各城市水生态环境保护的优势和劣势,在此基础上,提出京津冀区域城市未来水生态环境保护策略,助力京津冀地区水生态环境保护.

Analysis of the Urban Water Eco-environment Protection Strategy in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region from"Three Waters"Overall Planning

Clarifying the direction and strategy of water eco-environment protection in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is of great significance for realizing the water eco-environment protection and high-quality, coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area, as well as the goal of building a beautiful China by 2035. From the perspective of "Three Waters" overall planning, based on the urban scale of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, this study constructed six dimensions of water resources, water environment, water ecology (Three Waters), socio-economic development level, pollutant emissions, and environmental governance efforts. The water eco-environment protection strategy analysis system provided a logical framework for quantifying the current status of the water eco-environment. The ideal value was compared in each city, the PROMETHEE method was used to quantify the gap between each city and the ideal value of water eco-environment protection, and the current situation of the water eco-environment in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei cities was evaluated. Additionally, water eco-environment protection strategies were formulated according to local conditions. The ranking of the comprehensive level of water eco-environment protection from high to low was Beijing>Tianjin>Qinhuangdao>Hengshui>Zhangjiakou>Langfang>the mean value of net flow value (Phi)>Handan>Chengde>Cangzhou>Baoding>Tangshan>Shijiazhuang>Xingtai; a large gap remained between the level and the ideal value. The hierarchical analysis showed that the advantages and disadvantages of each city''s water eco-environment protection were different from dimensions to indicators, and they had the characteristics of local water eco-environment protection. Future efforts should determine the water ecological, environmental protection indicator level of each city in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, conduct a separate analysis for each city, and propose protection strategies for future development, as well as continue to help the water eco-environmental protection in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.