进水条件对侧流活性污泥水解工艺性能和微生物的影响

针对传统生物脱氮除磷工艺性能易受进水条件变化影响的缺点,构建了侧流活性污泥水解(SSH)工艺反应器,比较研究了该反应器与常规厌氧/缺氧/好氧(A2/O)工艺反应器在不同进水条件下的污染物处理性能和微生物群落的变化规律。试验结果表明:A2/O和SSH反应器化学需氧量(COD)去除性能的变化较小,整体COD去除率均维持在90%左右。进水负荷和流量的升高有利于提高脱氮除磷效果。A2/O和SSH反应器的总氮去除率分别从阶段Ⅰ的58%和72%升高到阶段Ⅲ的67%和83%,总磷去除率均从60%左右升高到85%以上。与A2/O反应器相比,进水条件变化对SSH反应器脱氮性能的影响较小。相同进水条件下SSH反应器脱氮性能更好,总氮平均去除率比A2/O反应器高出23%。高通量测序结果表明,SSH反应器中微生物群落的多样性更高,Dechloromonas、Accumulibacter等脱氮除磷功能菌的相对丰度更高,是反应器出水水质良好且稳定的重要原因。研究成果可为SSH工艺的设计与实际应用提供参考依据。

EFFECT OF INFLUENT CONDITIONS ON PERFORMANCE AND MICROORGANISMS IN THE SIDE-STREAM ACTIVATED SLUDGE HYDROLYSIS PROCESS

The treatment performance of the traditional biological phosphorus removal process is vulnerable to the change of influent conditions. To solve this problem, a side-stream activated sludge hydrolysis(SSH) reactor was constructed. The changes in pollutant removal performance and microbial community structure in the SSH reactor and conventional anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic(A2/O) reactor were compared under different influent conditions. The results showed that little change in chemical oxygen demand(COD) removal performance was observed in A2/O and SSH reactors, with COD removal efficiencies of 90%. The increase in influent load and flow rate improved the nitrogen and phosphorus removal performance. The total nitrogen removal efficiency in A2/O and SSH reactors increased from 58% and 72% in Phase Ⅰ, to 67% and 83% in Phase Ⅲ, respectively, whereas the total phosphorus removal efficiency increased from 60% to 80% above. Compared to the A2/O reactor, the change in influent conditions had lower impact on the nitrogen removal performance in the SSH reactor. Under the same influent condition, the nitrogen removal performance in the SSH reactor was more effective, with an average total nitrogen removal efficiency 23% higher than that in the A2/O reactor. The high-throughput sequencing results showed that the SSH reactor had higher microbial community diversity and relative abundances of functional microorganisms for nutrient removal such as Dechloromonas, Accumulibacter, which contributed to its effective and stable reactor performance. The results provided references for the design and practical application of SSH process.