青藏高原东部土壤中多环芳烃的污染特征及来源解析

分析了青藏高原东部5个地区10个采样点表层土壤的PAHs含量特征和污染水平.结果表明,该地区土壤的多环芳烃总量为0.83～14.41 ng/g,其中菲的含量最高,同我国其他地区相比,其污染水平较低.曲水县6个采样点PAHs含量分布表明,除国道边1个采样点由于处于主导风向下风向而受到机动车尾气影响外,其他5个点均具有相似的面源污染即地质成因来源.结合分析拉萨、曲水、巴青、昌都和格尔木5个地区PAHs含量分布特征,发现高原东部昆仑山脉以西的大部分地区（拉萨、曲水、巴青和昌都）土壤中的PAHs有相同的地质成因来源.由于土壤性质、昆仑山脉天然的地理障碍等原因,格尔木戈壁土壤的PAHs来源则主要受到燃烧源的影响.

Distribution and Source of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Soil of East Qingzang Plateau

We investigated the distribution characteristic of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) of 10 samples in five positions of east Qingzang Plateau was investigated. The result shows total PAHs ranged from 0.83 to 14.41 ng/g, which is much lower than other places in China, and Phenanthrene is the most abundant compound. The analysis of six sample positions in Qushui shows that they all have the same pollution source of PAHs, which is the slow maturation of organic matter under the geochemical gradient conditions except one site which is downwind beside the road and affected by the traffic pollution. Comparing the five sites of Lhasa, Qushui, Baqing, Changdu and Ge Ermu, it shows that most of the west of Qunlun mountain (Lhasa, Qushui, Baqing and Changdu) have the same pollution source of PAHs, which is also the slow maturation of organic matter under the geochemical gradient conditions, and because of the character of soil, the obstruct of Qunlun mountain and other reasons, the PAHs in the desert of Ge Ermu is affected by pyrolytic origin.