基于非参数方法的中国棉花产出规模效率时空特征

人类需要的无限性和用来满足需要的各种稀缺资源之间的矛盾，要求人们对生产资源进行有效配置。为研究中国棉花流通体制市场化改革以来，棉花生产资源的配置效率--产出规模效率及其时空特征，基于生产前沿面理论的非参数方法，利用生产资源配置效率测度软件对中国棉花主产区的棉花产出规模效率进行了具体测定与分析。结果表明：中国棉花产出规模效率时空差异显著，报告期长江流域优于黄河流域，同时两大流域棉花产出规模效率变化态势与我国棉花流通体制市场化改革的政策安排高度相关。认为中央政府应根据市场化进程中棉花生产所表现出来的新特点与市场调节出现的新问题，适时做出进一步激励棉花生产，最大程度发挥产出规模效率的政策安排。

TEMPORAL-SPATIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF EFFICIENCY OF LARGE-SCALE COTTON PRODUCTION IN CHINA BASED ON NON-PARAMETRIC PRODUCTIVITY APPROACH

The contradiction between the unlimited need of mankind and the scarce resources requests mankind to allocate resources effectively. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of large- scale cotton production in China and analyze its temporal and spatial characteristics. Non-parametric pro- ductivity approach was employed in the present study,and the software FRONTIERS VER2.0 was used to analyze the efficiency. It was found that the temporal and spatial differences in the efficiency are obvious. The efficiency in the Yangtze River Basin is better than that in the Yellow River Basin in the reported peri- od, and the variation of efficiency in the two river basins shows high relationship with policy arrangements of Chinese market. It was concluded that with the new characteristics of the cotton production and new problem appearing in the market turns, the Chinese central government should carry on a systematic ar- rangement in order to further encourage cotton production, and thus to raise production scale efficiency on a great degree.