北京河流水污染现状分析研究

通过总结近年来北京河流中氮磷、有机质和重金属等方面的研究成果，结果表明北运河水系各河段水质均较差，劣Ⅴ类水质的河流长度超过80％，城市河流污染特征明显，主要污染指标为耗氧型有机污染物和氨氮，重金属污染较轻，悬浮物中的重金属占较大的比重；永定河水系枯水期氮污染较重，主要是硝态氮超标，以颗粒态磷为主要形式的磷污染较轻，重金属含量大都低于地表水Ⅲ类标准；潮白河水系水质较好，各水质指标除个别断面外大都满足中Ⅲ类水标准，重金属含量大都符合Ⅰ～Ⅲ类水标准。

Current Status of Rivers Water Quality in Beijing

Some references on the rivers water quality in Beijing were reviewed with consideration for nitrogen , phosphorus, organic matter and heavy metal pollution.The results revealed that the water quality of Beiyun River water system is very poor as more than 80% of the rivers is below class V , and the main pollutants are organics of oxygen consumption and ammonia nitrogen , as well as less serious contamination of heavy metal which chiefly comes from suspended solids .Water pollution in Yongding River is very serious in dry season, mainly characterized by nitrogen pollution, especially for nitrate.Phosphorus pollution which mainly caused by particulate phosphorus is less serious.Most heavy metal contents are in class Ⅲ.The water quality of Chaobai River is much better, as most of the water quality indexes meet class Ⅲ and heavy metals mostly meetⅠ~Ⅲ water standard except for some individual sections.