水泥工业区内土壤剖面金属元素量特征及其指示意义

为了研究水泥工业区内污染土壤中金属元素含量变化特征,对安徽省凤阳县水泥工业区内一条土壤剖面中金属元素(Al、Fe、Ca、Mg、K、Na、Cr、Ba、Mn、Zn)含量进行了测量。结果显示,土壤剖面分2层,第一层(0～20 cm)为污染层,该层Al、Fe、Mg、Na、Ba、Mn、Cr元素主要来源于自然土壤,没有富集,Ca、K、Zn元素主要来源于水泥粉尘的输入,存在富集,其中0～2 cm土壤的富集因子最大,Ca和Zn含量最高,指示0～2 cm土壤被污染的程度最深。第二层(20 cm以下)为土壤母质层,该层各金属元素含量相对比较稳定。由于0～2 cm土壤中Ca、Zn元素还没有大量向下淋溶,导致第一层土壤中Ca、Zn含量随采样深度的增加而减少。土壤剖面中Ca和Zn的含量能指示水泥粉尘对工业区土壤环境的污染,土壤母质层的Ca、Zn含量可以作为参考的警戒值。

Concentrations of Metal Elements in a Soil Profile of Cement Industrial Zone and Their Application in the Pollution of Cement Dust

In order to study the characteristics of metal elements in the polluted soil of the cement industry zone, a soil profile in the cement industry zone of the Fengyan County, Anhui Province, was selected and studied. The concentrations of metal elements, Al, Fe, Ca, Mg, K, Na, Ni, Ba, Mn and Zn, in soil samples were measured. Results showed that the soil profile can be divided into 2 layers, the upper layer (0-20 cm) has been polluted, the elements of Al, Fe, Mg, Na, Ba, Mn and Cr were mainly derived from the natural soil and showed no enrichments, but the elements of Ca, K and Zn were mainly derived from the input of cement dust and showed significant enrichment. The enrichment factors of metal elements were large in the topsoil, and the concentrations of Ca and Zn were high, implying that the topsoil was polluted severely. The lower layer (below 20 cm) was mainly soil parent materials, the concentrations of metal elements were relatively stable. Ca and Zn in 0-2 cm soil had not were leached downward in large quantities, which caused concentrations of Ca and Zn decreased with the increasing of sampling depth. The concentrations of Ca and Zn in soils of the cement industry zone could indicate the soil pollution from the cement dust, and the background concentrations of Ca and Zn in soil parent materials could be used as the critical reference values.