Evaluating the speed camera sites selection criteria in the UK |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Transportation, Southeast University, China;2. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Urban ITS, China;3. Jiangsu Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Urban Traffic Technologies, China;4. Transport Strategy Centre, Imperial College London, UK;1. College of Engineering, Civil Engineering Department University of Wasit, Kut, Iraq;2. Lyles School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, 550 Stadium Mall, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2051, USA;1. Glenn Department of Civil Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA;2. Applied Statistics, School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA;3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA;1. School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510641, PR China;2. Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan;1. Alabama Transportation Institute, The University of Alabama Tuscaloosa, AL, United States;2. Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, The University of Alabama Tuscaloosa, AL, United States |
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| Abstract: | Introduction: Speed cameras have been implemented to improve road safety over recent decades in the UK. Although the safety impacts of the speed camera have been estimated thoroughly, the criteria for selecting camera sites have rarely been studied. This paper evaluates the current speed camera sites selection criteria in the UK based on safety performance. Method: A total of 332 speed cameras and 2,513 control sites with road traffic accident data are observed from 2002 to 2010. Propensity score matching method and empirical Bayes method are employed and compared to estimate the safety effects of speed cameras under different scenarios. Results: First, the main characteristics of speed cameras meeting and not meeting the selection criteria are identified. The results indicate that the proximity to school zones and residential neighborhoods, as well as population density, are the main considerations when selecting speed camera sites. Then the official criteria used for selecting camera sites are evaluated, including site length (a stretch of road that has a fixed speed camera or has had one in the past), previous accident history, and risk value (a numerical scale of the risk level). The results suggest that a site length of 500 m should be used to achieve the optimum safety effects of speed cameras. Furthermore, speed cameras are most effective in reducing crashes when the requirement of minimum number of historical killed and seriously injured collisions (KSIs) is met. In terms of the risk value, it is found that the speed cameras can obtain optimal effectiveness with a risk value greater than or equal to 30, rather than the recommended risk value of 22. |
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| Keywords: | Speed Cameras Selection Criteria Propensity Score Matching Empirical Bayes |
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