Assessing the likelihood of secondary crashes on freeways with Adaptive Signal Control System deployed on alternate routes |
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| Institution: | 1. Glenn Department of Civil Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA;2. Applied Statistics, School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA;3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA;1. College of Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Zhejiang 321005, China;2. Key Laboratory of Urban Rail Transit Intelligent Operation and Maintenance Technology & Equipment of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Normal University, Zhejiang 321005, China;3. School of Transportation and Logistics, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611756, China;4. Sichuan Vocational and Technical College of Communications, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China;1. School of Transportation, Southeast University, China;2. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Urban ITS, China;3. Jiangsu Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Urban Traffic Technologies, China;4. Transport Strategy Centre, Imperial College London, UK;1. Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain;2. Departamento de Estructuras y Física de Edificación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain;3. Departamento de Ingeniería del Transporte, Territorio y Urbanismo, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain;1. University of Iowa Injury Prevention Research Center, 2195 Westlawn, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;2. Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, 145 North Riverside Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;3. Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, 145 North Riverside Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;4. Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, 145 North Riverside Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA |
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| Abstract: | Introduction: Reducing the likelihood of freeway secondary crashes will provide significant safety, operational and environmental benefits. This paper presents a method for assessing the likelihood of freeway secondary crashes with Adaptive Signal Control Systems (ASCS) deployed on alternate routes that are typically used by diverted freeway traffic to avoid any delay or congestion due to a freeway primary crash. Method: The method includes four steps: (1) identification of secondary crashes, (2) verification of alternate routes, (3) assessment of the likelihood of secondary crashes for freeways with ASCS deployed on alternate routes and non-ASCS (i.e. pre-timed, semi- or fully-actuated) alternate routes, and (4) investigation of unobserved heterogeneity of the likelihood of freeway secondary crashes. Four freeway sections (i.e., two with ASCS deployed on alternate routes and two non-ASCS alternate routes) in South Carolina are considered. Results and Conclusions: Findings from the logistic regression modeling reveal significant reduction in the likelihood of secondary crashes for one freeway section (i.e., Charleston I-26 E) with ASCS deployed on alternate route. Other factors such as rear-end crash, dark or limited light, peak period, and annual average daily traffic contribute to the likelihood of freeway secondary crashes. Furthermore, random-parameter logistic regression model results for Charleston I-26 E reveal that unobserved heterogeneity of ASCS effect exists across the observations and ASCS are associated with the reduction of the likelihood of freeway secondary crashes for 84% of the observations (i.e., primary crashes). Location of the primary crash on the freeway is observed to affect the benefit of ASCS toward freeway secondary crash reduction as the primary crash’s location determines how many upstream freeway vehicles will be able to take the alternate route. Practical Applications: Based on the findings, it is recommended that the South Carolina Department of Transportation (SCDOT) considers deploying ASCS on alternate routes parallel to freeway sections where high percentages of secondary crashes are found. |
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| Keywords: | Secondary crash Adaptive Signal Control Systems Crash Likelihood Estimation Logistic regression model Unobserved heterogeneity |
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