LCA Integrated ANP Framework for Selection of Sustainable Manufacturing Processes

In recent times, the focus of sustainable development has been shifted toward the process domain to achieve greater environmental benefits. Improved sustainability in the process domain can be achieved by selecting sustainable process or through improvement studies. In this study, sustainability performance of injection molding (IM) and selective laser sintering (SLS) processes are compared to select the sustainable process. Life cycle assessment (LCA) has been widely accepted for assessing the environmental performance of manufacturing process. However, the problem with LCA is the interpretation of impact category scores when comparing alternate processes. Therefore, an effort has been made to integrate analytical network process (ANP) methodology with LCA in which LCA methodology calculates the impact score and ANP computes the Single Point Process Sustainability Score (SPPSS) to compare alternate processes. Based on the inventory data collected for higher production rates, SPPSS for IM and SLS processes are computed as 0.038 and 0.068, respectively. Based on the score, IM has been identified as a sustainable process for higher production volume. Hence, the practical usability of the proposed methodology is validated by the study. This study also appreciates the application of ANP along with LCA for decision making in the real-time scenario.