秦岭自然保护区群保护成本计量研究

秦岭自然保护区群在我国生物多样性保护方面发挥了重要作用,学术界一直缺乏保护成本计量的研究。本研究在界定秦岭自然保护区群成本的概念及分析其内涵的基础上,综合运用专家咨询法及文献参考方法,建立了秦岭自然保护区群保护成本计量指标体系,利用市场价值法、等效替代法以及机会成本法等方法,对秦岭自然保护区群保护生物多样性的投入进行了成本计量及分析。结果表明:秦岭自然保护区群在保护生物多样性投入方面,总货币量约29.72亿元人民币,其中直接保护成本为2.59亿元;间接保护成本为2.00亿元;与周边区域密切相关的机会成本为25.13亿元。其中,机会成本的计量模型多样化,在学术界存在较多争议,但是,最终每种模型都能反映出机会成本的内涵的货币量,可以表达出我国政府为建立秦岭自然保护区群而付出的无形代价。

Measurement of Conservation Costs in Qinling Nature Reserve Group

The Qinling Nature Reserve Group(QNRG) has played an important role in biodiversity conservation in China.It is regret that few studies have been conducted on the measurement of conservation costs.To measure the biodiversity conservation costs in QNRG,market value method,equivalent substitution method and opportunity cost method were applied in the current paper.The concept and connotation of the cost of biodiversity conservation were defined and analyzed first to facilitate our measurement.Expert consultation method and literature references method were also used to construct the index system of cost accounting.Results indicated a total of 2972 million Yuan(RMB) was spent on the biodiversity conservation in QNRG,among which direct cost,indirect cost and opportunity cost were respectively 259 million Yuan(RMB),200 million Yuan(RMB) and 2 513 million Yuan(RMB).The current proposed indices and methods can be served as references for the staff working on the measurement and evaluation of the costs of biodiversity conservation in QNRG and other similar reserve groups.