大气颗粒物中微生物分析方法及分布特征的研究进展

大气颗粒物(particulate matter, PM)可能携带病原微生物,会对人体健康产生影响,因此,对大气颗粒物中微生物的采集和分析已成为当今的研究热点。本文对大气颗粒物中微生物的采集方法和分析方法(培养法、菌群多样性组成谱测序和宏基因组学技术)的研究进展进行简要概括,着重介绍不同条件下(区域、时间、粒径、天气条件和气象因素)大气颗粒物中微生物的分布状况差异,并对引起相关差异的原因进行了探讨,旨在为深入认识大气颗粒物中微生物的分布特征提供参考。

Advances in Analytical Methods and Distribution Characteristics of Microorganisms in Particulate Matter

Accumulating evidence suggests that particulate matter could carry pathogenic microorganisms which had adverse effects on human health, and thus current studies have been focusing on the collection and analysis of pathogenic microorganisms in particulate matter. The collection and analysis methods (culture method, microbial diversity compositional spectrum sequencing, and metagenomics technology) of microorganisms in particulate matter were summarized briefly in this study. Furthermore, the different distribution characteristics of microorganisms in particulate matter in different conditions (spatial, time, particle size, weather conditions, and meteorological factors) were reviewed. The causes of the differences among these distribution characteristics were then analyzed to provide a reference for further understanding of the distribution characteristics of microorganisms in particulate matter.